Explanation

The Ankara Declaration, signed on December 11, 2024, in Ankara, Turkey, marked a significant milestone in the relations between Ethiopia and Somalia. Facilitated by Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, the agreement was reached between Somali President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud and Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed Ali. The declaration aimed to resolve tensions arising from Ethiopia’s agreement with the breakaway Somaliland region and to enhance cooperation between the two nations. Key aspects of the declaration include: Respect for Sovereignty: Both nations reaffirmed their commitment to each other’s sovereignty, unity, independence, and territorial integrity, in line with international law and the African Union’s Constitutive Act. Economic Cooperation: The leaders acknowledged the mutual benefits of providing Ethiopia with reliable and sustainable access to the sea through Somalia, under Somali sovereignty. They agreed to work on bilateral agreements facilitating this access. Commitment to Peaceful Resolution: Both parties agreed to set aside past differences and work collaboratively towards shared prosperity and stability in the Horn of Africa. This declaration underscores the importance of dialogue and mutual respect in addressing regional disputes and fostering cooperation.