Explanation

Lord Curzon was the Viceroy of India from 1899 to 1905. Partition of Bengal (1905) into two provinces- Bengal and East Bengal was done during his time. Passed the Ancient Monuments Act (1904), to restore India’s cultural heritage. Thus, established Archeological Survey of India. List of Viceroy of India: As per the Regulating Act of 1773, the post of Governor general came into existence. Earlier, the Governor General of Bengal was appointed by East India Company. After the adoption of Government of India Act 1858, Governor General become Viceroy of India. Viceroy Period Important achievements/Events Images Lord Canning 1856-1862 He was the Governor General during Mutiny pf 1857 and after the war, he was made first Viceroy of India. He withdrew Doctrine of lapse.Indian Council Act was passed in 1861 University of Bombay, Calcutta, Madras was established in 1857. Lord Lawrence 1864-1869 High Court was established at Calcutta, Bombay, Madras in 1865.He created Indian Forest Department.Opened telegraph line with Europe.He introduced various reforms and became the member of Punjab Board of Administration after second Sikh war. He was known as the Savior of Punjab. Lord Mayo 1869-1872 Started financial decentralization in India.He established Rajkot College in Kathiawar and Mayo College in Ajmer for Indian princess.First Census of India was held during his time in 1871. He organized Statistical survey of India. He was the only Viceroy who was murdered in office by a pathan in Andaman in 1872. Lord Lytton 1876-1880 The Delhi Durbar was held on January 1 1877, to decorate Queen Victoria with the title of Kaiser-i-hind.Statutory Civil Service in 1879. It was also laid down that the candidates had to appear and pass the civil services examination which began to be held in England. The maximum age for these candidates were reduced from 21 to 19 years. Vernacular press Act was passed in 1878. Lord Rippon 1880-1884 Age for the entry in Civil Service exam was raised to 21 years.First Factory act was passed during his time in 1881, it prohibited the child labour.Illbert Bill in 1883 was passed by him. Passed Local Self Government act in 1882. Lord Dufferin 1884-1888 He formed the Indian National Congress. Lord Lansdowne 1888-1894 Indian Council Act was passed in 1892.Second Factory Act (1891) was passed during his time.He appointed Durand Commission to define a line between British India and Afghanistan. Lord Curzon 1899-1905 Partition of Bengal (1905) into two provinces- Bengal and East Bengal was done during his time.Passed the Ancient Monuments Act (1904), to restore India’s cultural heritage. Thus, established Archeological Survey of India. Lord Minto 1905-1910 Morley-Minto reform was passed in 1909. Lord Hardinge 1910-1916 Partition of Bengal was cancelled and capital shifted from Calcutta to Delhi in 1911.Gandhi ji returned to India from South Africa in 1915.Home Rule moment was launched by Annie Beasant. Lord Chelmsford 1916-1921 August Declaration of 1917, after which the control over the Indian Government would be transferred to Indian people.Rowlett Act 1919 was passedMontague-Chelmsford reform was passed. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 1919 took place during his time. Non- Cooperation and Khilafat movement took place. Women’s University was founded at Poona in 1919 Lord Reading 1921-1926 Suppressed of non-cooperation movementChauri -Chaura incident took place.Formation of Swaraj party.Ahmedabad session of INS held in 1921. Lord Irwin 1926-1931 Simon commission visited India in 1928.Dandi March was held in 1930.Civil Disobedience movement launched in 1930.Gandhi- Irwin pact was signed and First Round Table Conference was held in 1931. Lord Willingdon 1931-1936 Poona Pact was signed.Second and Third Round Table Conference was held during his time.Communal Award started by British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald. Government of India Act (1935) was passed. Lord Linlithgow 1936-1944 Government of India Act enforced in provinces.Cripps Mission visited India in 1942.Quit India movement was started in 1942.Second World war took place in 1939. Lord Wavell 1944-1947 Shimla Conference was held on June 25, 1945 between Muslim League and Indian national Congress was failed.Cabinet Mission Plan was launched in 1946.On December 09, 1946, first meeting of Constituent Assembly was held. Lord Mountbatten March 1947- August 1947 Last Viceroy and first Governor General of free India.Partition of India was done on June 3, 1947.India Independent Act was passed on July 4, 1947 by British parliament. As per the Act India became independent on August 15, 1947. He was succeeded by C. Rajagopalachari, who was the last Governor General of free India.